Molybdenum plated back-electrode glass can be used as the substrate for thin-film solar cells; this dataset includes the primary raw materials, energy, atmospheric emissions, water emissions, and waste from the production process, while production equipment manufacturing, plant construction, and other infrastructures are not included within the dataset boundary; data was derived from reference documents, where the data inventory in the references is based on research data from multiple enterprises in China; manufacturing of Molybdenum plated back-electrode glass includes float glass production (melting, tin bath forming, annealing, cold-end processing) and molybdenum coating process.