China

Business-as-Usual

Yes

Current Technology

Steelmaking processes mainly include converter steelmaking technology and EAF steelmaking technology. Converter steelmaking is a common process in steelmaking. During the smelting process, impurities in the steel, such as sulfur and phosphorus, are removed by high-temperature combustion and oxygen blowing. By controlling the amount of oxygen injected and production time, the oxygen atmosphere and reaction conditions inside the furnace can be adjusted, thereby controlling the composition and quality of alloyed steel. Subsequently, the molten and refined steel is transported to the transfer station by a ladle. After the transfer station rotates to the casting position, the molten steel is poured into the tundish, which then distributes the molten steel to individual molds through nozzles, forming shaped rough steel billets after cooling and solidification. The production process of steel billets combining phosphorus removal converter and medium frequency furnace is an efficient method of steelmaking. In the phosphorus removal converter, the main purpose is to remove excess phosphorus from the molten iron by adding an appropriate amount of limestone and oxygen blowing. In the medium frequency furnace stage, electromagnetic induction heating is used to mix alloying elements with the molten iron. The medium frequency furnace provides precise temperature control and a relatively uniform heating environment, which helps to achieve a uniform distribution of alloying elements in the steel. Various alloying elements such as carbon, silicon, manganese, nickel, and chromium can be added as required to achieve the predetermined chemical composition and mechanical properties. The scrap steel ratio in this unit process of EAF steelmaking is approximately 35%.