Rolling conducted above the recrystallization temperature is referred to as hot rolling. The billet, after being heated, undergoes several passes of rolling and is then edge-trimmed and straightened to form steel plates. During hot rolling, the metal exhibits high plasticity and low deformation resistance, significantly reducing the energy consumption required for metal deformation. Hot rolling can enhance the technological properties of metals and alloys for processing; it refines the coarse grains formed during the casting state, significantly promotes the healing of substantial cracks, and reduces or eliminates casting defects, transforming the cast structure into a deformed structure, thereby improving the alloy's processability. This process represents the hot rolling of 1kg of continuously cast steel billet, corresponding to the production of 0. 949kg of hot-rolled coil after hot rolling, this process should be used in conjunction with production data for 1kg of continuously cast steel billet. The hot rolling process includes heating, annealing, hot rolling, cooling, etc. This dataset includes energy consumption, auxiliary material consumption, by-products or waste generated, atmospheric emissions, and water emissions during the hot rolling process. This dataset is formed by aggregating data from multiple sources.