Q235B Carbon steel continuous annealed coil is a high-quality low-carbon steel material, characterized by good plasticity, toughness, and weldability. It is widely applied in automobiles, construction, machinery manufacturing, bridge structures, shipbuilding, and various industrial fields. The production process of annealed coil includes heating, holding, and slow cooling of cold-hardened coils, involving energy consumption, material consumption, waste management, and environmental emissions required during production. This dataset was formed by integrating data from multiple sources.