This dataset represents the electricity generation situation of an average coal-fired power plant in Hunan. The average technology adopted by the power plant considers a combination of technical parameters such as unit capacity, boiler type, and cooling method. The coal has regional average coal quality characteristics that conform to the definition of coal for power generation, i.e., thermal coal with a calorific value of less than 6000 kcal representing the average level of coal-fired power generation. Information about the emission inventory data: · For emissions of major pollutants such as CO2, SO2, NOx, and particulate matter, a material balance method related to coal quality parameters was adopted. · Emissions of CH4, N2O, CO and NMVOC were estimated using the default emission factors for coal combustion in the energy sector by the IPCC 2006. · Emissions of halogens, organic pollutants, trace heavy metals, and radioactive elements were estimated according to public literatures. · All emissions were adjusted for the average removal efficiency of flue gas pollution control technologies in Chinese thermal power plants.