This dataset describes the extraction of Specularite ore, which mainly includes two basic forms of mining: Open-pit mining and underground mining. Open-pit mining: This method involves removing the overlying rock and soil from the ore body to directly expose and extract the minerals from the surface of the ground. Open-pit mining techniques are typically applied to relatively shallow and large-scale deposits. It is characterized by lower mining costs and high production efficiency. Typical steps in open-pit mining include drilling, blasting, overburden removal, ore loading, and transportation. The equipment mainly includes excavators, drills, bulldozers, and mining trucks, etc. Underground mining: Underground mining is primarily used for deeper ore bodies, accessing the mineral deposits through the construction of underground tunnels and drifts. This method is suitable for ore bodies that are buried too deep or situations where surface conditions are unsuitable for open-pit mining. The process of underground mining includes the construction of mine shafts, ore extraction, and hoisting, among others. Equipment used includes drilling machines, hoists, mine cars, and more. The advantages of underground mining include less surface disruption, but it comes with higher costs and stringent safety requirements.

Iron ore is the primary raw material for manufacturing steel, which is one of the core materials for modern industry and infrastructure construction. Specularite ore is a subtype of hematite ore, its a foliated aggregate with metallic luster. It has a color that ranges from iron black to steel gray. It has a strong lustre on crystal faces which shines like a mirror, hence the name. It often contains extremely fine magnetite ore inclusions and therefore exhibits magnetism.