Benzene can be used for the production of chemicals, coatings, plastics, etc., and also as a fuel; this dataset includes the main raw materials, auxiliary materials, energy, atmospheric emissions, water emissions, and waste of the production process. Infrastructure such as production equipment and factory building construction are not included within the boundaries of the dataset; the data inventory is formed by merging data from multiple sources; the process technology for producing benzene by refining crude oil includes raw material pretreatment, cracking reaction, separation, purification, packaging, and other processes.