This dataset describes the extraction of raw coal. Coal mining methods in China can be divided into two major categories: Open-pit mining and underground mining. The specific choice depends on geological conditions, seam thickness, burial depth, and other factors. Open-pit mining includes drilling, blasting, extraction, crushing, transportation, waste disposal, pollutant treatment, and ecological restoration. Underground mining includes tunneling, coal extraction, mechanical equipment, transportation within the mine and plant, ventilation, pollutant treatment, and ecological restoration and management.

The coalfields in Qinghai Province are mainly concentrated in the Datong River area of the middle Qilian Mountains and the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin. Among these, the important mining areas that have been explored include Yuka, Juhugeng, Jiangcang, Roshui, Datong, and Damtgou. The coal-bearing strata of the coalfields belong to a range of geological eras, from bottom to top: Carboniferous, Permian, Late Triassic, and Early to Middle Jurassic, with the Early to Middle Jurassic being predominant. The province has a full range of coal types, with coking coal being the main type, accounting for about half of the total identified reserves. The other types of coal include long-flame coal, non-caking coal, lean coal, gas coal, and anthracite. The coal of the Carboniferous system is usually of low-ash lean coal and anthracite with a small amount of fat coal and coking coal, and some locally have higher sulfur content. The quality of raw coal is characterized by ash content of 5~28%, volatiles of 18.16~38%, total sulfur of 0.25~0.5%, carbon content of 89.96%, and Qnet,ar net calorific value on an as-received basis of 4000~6800 kcal/kg.