Normalizing, also known as normal annealing, is a heat treatment process that improves the toughness of steel by heating steel components to austenitize them, holding for a certain period, and then cooling in still air or protective atmosphere to form pearlite. Specifically, the workpiece is heated to a temperature above 727--912 °C for 40--60 minutes, held for a period of time, and then removed from the furnace and cooled in air, or by water spraying, mist spraying, or forced air cooling.