This dataset is a market activity dataset, representing a combination of provincial 'hematite concentrate' markets within the southwestern region of China, forming the 'hematite concentrate' market group for the Southwest region. Transportation losses, transport vehicles, and transport infrastructure are not included in this dataset; they are covered in the respective provincial market datasets. The Southwest region of China includes Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Xizang. Data sources include the China Communications Yearbook, China Energy Statistics Yearbook, China Statistical Yearbook, and customs statistics from the General Administration of Customs.