Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
3b09737e-4af3-4f78-803d-8f6b0fdd45a3
Waste treatment
Associated ID
ffb43e14-9941-4752-80e7-18bdbbe4f460
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
The composition of municipal solid waste treated by Beijing's municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) facilities are as follows: kitchen waste 66.2%, paper 10.09%, rubber 13.1%, textiles (fibers) 1.2%, wood and bamboo 3.3%, ash and soil 0%, bricks, tiles and ceramics 3.9%, glass 1%, metals 0.4%, and others 0%. Moisture content is 58.39%, higher heating value is 5858.91 kJ/kg, and lower heating value is 3870. 94 kJ/kg.
Waste treatment activities are based on an average municipal/public waste mixture and are not suitable for single specific waste types such as plastic, paper, cardboard, etc. If your waste is a specific waste mixture, please separately account for the corresponding waste streams. Each kg of this waste generates 0.205 kg of slag and 0.05 kg of fly ash is landfilled after precious metal recovery from fly ash and slag; the fly ash is solidified using a 1:1 ratio with cement.
The average thermal efficiency for waste heat electricity generation is 22%. In the waste heat district heating process, without various forms of heat-to-energy conversion, the thermal efficiency is higher, with an average value of 64%. By comprehensively considering the thermal efficiencies of both waste heat electricity generation and direct heat supply, 15% of the heat generated in the waste incineration process is used for electricity generation, and 56% is utilized for direct heating.
Activity Description
After waste enters the incineration plant, it is first piled and stored, during which leachate is generated due to the high moisture content of the waste. Subsequently, the stored waste is fed into the incinerator for combustion. The flue gas produced during incineration is treated through flue gas purification systems. The resulting solid residues include bottom ash and fly ash, with bottom ash deposited at the bottom of the incinerator and fly ash carried away with the flue gas. The heat generated from incineration is utilized for power generation or heating, achieving resource recovery. The electricity produced from waste heat recovery can be sold externally or reused within the incineration plant.
Process Description
"Municipal solid waste" is primarily generated from a wide range of activities across many different sectors. "Municipal solid waste" includes the following components: kitchen waste, paper, rubber, textiles (fibers), wood and bamboo, ashes and soil, bricks, tiles and ceramics, glass, metals, and potentially other fractions. This by-product (recyclable or waste) arises from common transformation activities and can therefore be considered for modeling waste outputs of similar composition. In the HiQ database, treatment methods for this by-product include: landfilling – sanitary landfill, municipal incineration. Additionally, this by-product is used in the following process: clinker production.
Time period
2022
2026
Geography
China,Beijing
Geography comment
National statistics, literature research
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
In China, 90% of waste-to-energy power plants use mechanical grate incinerators for their furnaces, with waste heat boilers configured in vertical, horizontal, or II-type arrangements, primarily adopting the horizontal layout. These facilities are typically equipped with the following systems: in-furnace denitrification system, semi-dry flue gas desulfurization tower, dry powder injection, activated carbon injection adsorption system, and baghouse dust collector. The in-furnace denitrification systems mainly employ selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technologies.