Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
4b18e882-acff-4092-a581-73ebf4449292
Materials
Associated ID
12625aec-f8d4-48f9-b4b2-54c06e8f0732
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset represents a product that is crude zinc, a metallic intermediate product obtained by smelting lead–zinc sinter block, whose core component is zinc, with a zinc content of up to 98%, accompanied by small amounts of impurities such as lead, iron and copper. The product appears as metallic blocks or ingots, has a metallic lustre and a regular physical form that facilitates subsequent processing. Its upstream and downstream industrial chain is closely linked: the upstream core raw material is lead–zinc sinter block; the downstream is mainly applied to the zinc-refining stage, where high-purity zinc can be prepared through electrolytic refining or pyrometallurgical refining processes, and then used to produce zinc-based alloys, galvanized materials, zinc batteries, chemical zinc compounds and other products, broadly supporting the development of metallurgy, automotive, electronics, new energy, chemical and other industrial fields. The entire production process focuses on the smelting stage, with the full process covering the entire transformation process from the input of lead–zinc sinter block to the output of the crude-zinc product. The dataset includes the main raw and auxiliary materials, energy and wastes in the production process; infrastructure such as the manufacture of production equipment and plant construction is not included within the boundary of the dataset; the data inventory is formed by merging data from multiple sources.
Activity Description
The entire production process includes the smelting process, covering the entire process from sintered blocks to crude zinc.
Process Description
Crude zinc is a product obtained by smelting lead-zinc sintered blocks. The main component is zinc, with a zinc content of 98%. It may also contain a small amount of lead, iron, copper and other impurities. It is in the form of metal lumps or ingots and is suitable for further refining or electrolysis to prepare high-purity zinc.
Time period
2021
2026
Geography
China
Geography comment
Generated by merging multiple data sets in this geographical location.
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
When the sinter block undergoes reduction smelting in the blast furnace, zinc oxide is reduced, the zinc volatilizes as vapor, and is introduced into a condenser to condense into crude zinc. Lead oxide is reduced to metallic lead, which flows downward through the charge in a liquid state and is discharged from the hearth together with the slag. The mixture is then separated by settling in the forehearth, yielding crude lead and slag.