Cradle to Consumer
Identity ID
506f5902-34fb-4eee-858a-a5982c49cb27
Materials
Associated ID
7ac7972c-d53e-4084-b684-0896a570bf81
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset is a market dataset representing the consumption market of the region. The dataset includes the transport of the product from the gate to the consumption end, and the transport service is calculated based on the transport situation of the product in the region. The product represented by this dataset is crude tin, a primary tin metal product prepared from tin oxide through a reduction smelting process, with a tin recovery rate of 97.77% in this reduction smelting process; crude tin has a relatively high tin content but does not reach the industrial refined tin standard. Its matrix is metallic tin accompanied by a small amount of impurities, with a silver-white metallic luster appearance, good ductility and electrical conductivity, and can be used as a raw material to prepare high-purity refined tin after impurities are removed through a subsequent refining process. The upstream raw material of this product is tin oxide, and downstream it is the core feed of the tin refining process, making it a key intermediate product from tin oxide to high-purity refined tin in the tin metallurgy industry chain. The dataset includes the main raw and auxiliary materials, energy and waste of the production process, while infrastructure such as production equipment manufacturing and plant construction is not included within the dataset boundary; the data inventory is formed by merging data from multiple sources.
Activity Description
The entire production process includes the tin oxide reduction smelting process, covering the entire process from tin oxide to crude tin.
Process Description
Crude tin is a product produced by reduction and smelting of tin oxide (tin recovery rate is 97.77%). It contains high tin content but has not yet reached the requirements of industrial refined tin. It usually still contains a small amount of impurities. Crude tin has a silver-white metallic luster and has good ductility and conductivity. Impurities can be further removed through the refining process to produce high-purity refined tin.
Time period
2021
2026
Geography
China,Henan
Geography comment
Generated by merging multiple data sets in this geographical location.
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
Mix the roasted tin oxide with an appropriate amount of reducing agent and flux evenly and then send it to a reverberatory furnace or electric furnace for heating. At high temperatures, tin oxide is reduced to metallic tin under the action of reducing agents and is separated from the slag at the same time. Molten tin is collected at the bottom of the furnace to form coarse tin, and the slag floats on the surface and is regularly discharged through the slag discharge port. The temperature and stirring conditions are controlled throughout the process to ensure sufficient tin reduction and slag separation efficiency. The crude tin obtained from smelting can be used in subsequent refining processes, while the slag can be further processed to recover residual tin.