Fuel gas is a coproduct in the coal-based methanol to ethylene glycol production process, which can be used in areas such as household heating, gas stoves, water heaters, and power plants; this dataset includes environmental burdens associated with major raw and auxiliary materials, energy inputs, atmospheric emissions, and water discharges from the production process, but excludes infrastructure burdens such as production equipment, factory infrastructure construction, and equipment maintenance; the life cycle inventory was compiled from multiple data sources and optimized and modeled based on the best available information for 2022; the process flow for producing fuel gas from coal-based methanol involves coal powder gasification, purification, methanol synthesis, distillation, and olefin separation. Processes including hydrocarbons, olefin cracking for ethylene production, ethylene oxidation for ethylene oxide production, and ethylene oxide hydration for ethylene glycol production.