Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
60a1ce99-b489-4883-a55d-aaaf171f9557
Materials
Associated ID
783c6268-7000-4cf1-9ea7-2ada970af230
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
Tribasic lead sulfate is mainly used in fields such as plastics processing, rubber, coatings and adhesives, cable sheathing materials, and the preparation of lead-based stabilizers. Tribasic lead sulfate is modelled as a pure substance; when modelling this substance, the user is required to add a solvent of their choice in the model. The dataset includes the main raw and auxiliary materials, energy, wastes and atmospheric emissions of the production process, in which the preliminary treatment of wastewater in the utility/auxiliary processes and the waste-gas treatment process are included within the dataset boundary, while infrastructure such as the manufacture of production equipment and plant construction is not included within the dataset boundary; the data inventory is formed by merging data from multiple sources; the production activities of this product include batching, reaction, standing, pressure filtration, flash-evaporation drying and other process steps.
Activity Description
The production activities of this product include batching, reaction, resting, filter pressing, flash drying and other processes.
Process Description
The chemical formula of tribasic lead sulfate is 3PbO·PbSO4·H2O (or written as Pb4(SO4)(OH)6), CAS number 12202-17-4. It is usually a white or slightly yellow powder, odorless, with a density of about 6.9 g/cm3. It is insoluble in water, ethanol, ether and other solvents, and can only be dissolved in strong acids such as nitric acid and acetic acid. It has stable chemical properties and good heat resistance. It loses crystal water when heated to about 100°C and gradually decomposes above 200°C. It has both thermal stability and weather resistance, and has excellent compatibility with polymer materials such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Industrially, it is mainly used in the field of plastic processing (as a heat stabilizer for PVC products) and the rubber industry (as an activator of rubber vulcanization accelerator); it is also used in coatings and adhesives (as an anti-corrosion additive), and cable sheathing materials (used with flame retardants to improve the heat resistance and stability of cables). It can also be used to prepare other lead stabilizers and plastic modifiers, and is especially suitable for the manufacture of PVC hard products that have high thermal stability requirements.
Time period
2009
2026
Geography
China
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The oxidation-sulfation method is the mainstream technology for the production of tribasic lead sulfate. It is produced through the reaction of lead oxide and sulfuric acid. The product has good thermal stability and is an important variety of traditional PVC heat stabilizers. It accounts for more than 70% of the total production of lead salt heat stabilizers in the country.
1. Ingredients and reaction: Use a feed pump to pump in a certain amount of tap water, and use electric heating to raise the water temperature in the reactor to 38°C. Then use a spiral negative pressure suction method to transport the lead oxide into the electric reactor and mix it thoroughly. Then use a feed pump to add a certain proportion of sulfuric acid to the electric reactor, and heat the materials in the electric reactor to about 55°C. Stir and react for 1 hour to generate a three-salt product.
2. Stand still and press filter: After stirring and reacting for 1 hour, the material is allowed to stand in the electric reactor for about 20 minutes to allow it to fully react and the properties of the three salt products tend to be stable. Then pump it into the filter press to squeeze out the excess water to obtain the water-containing three-salt finished product.
3. Flash drying: After filtering, the paste-like three-salt product is sent to the flash dryer for drying.