Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
6f42aae8-962d-429a-aa4e-e7b14490a2e1
Materials
Associated ID
b882cde2-68c7-428e-ae9d-e596282f8409
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset represents the life cycle inventory (cradle-to-gate) of magnetite ore mined underground in China, covering all activities related to magnetite mining and production from drilling to the output of magnetite ore, but excluding the production of drilling rigs, transport equipment, personnel travel, and daily office operations, as well as their direct or indirect greenhouse gas emissions during the mining production process. The dataset was compiled from multiple sources based on national standards such as the 'Manual of Production and Emission Coefficients for the Iron Ore Mining and Processing Industry (0810)', 'Emission standard of pollutants for mining and mineral procressing industry (GB 28661-2012)', 'Cleaning production standard Iron ore mining and mineral processing industry', and 'The norm of the energy consumption per unit product of iron ore dressing(GB31337-2014)', and represents the average production level of underground magnetite mining in China.
Activity Description
This dataset describes underground mining of magnetite ore in China, with the following process flow:
1. Drilling
Drilling is the process of creating boreholes in underground ore bodies in preparation for blasting. Drilling machines (such as drills) are used to bore holes into the ore body to load explosives. The accuracy and efficiency of drilling directly affect the subsequent blasting performance and overall mining effectiveness.
2. Blasting
Blasting involves using explosives to fragment the ore by detonating charges placed in the drilled holes. Through blasting, the ore is broken into smaller pieces suitable for shoveling and transportation. Blasting operations require precise control of the amount of explosives and timing to ensure uniform ore fragmentation and operational safety.
3. Loading
Loading is the process of loading broken ore into ore cars or other transportation equipment. Equipment such as loaders and excavators are used to load the ore. The efficiency of loading is critical to subsequent transportation and mining progress.
4. Transportation
Underground ore transportation is the process of moving the loaded ore to the hoisting point. Transportation methods include ore cars, electric carts, or belt conveyors. The transportation system must be designed properly to ensure safe and efficient delivery of the ore.
5. Hoisting
Hoisting is the process of transporting underground ore to the surface using a hoisting system. Hoists or lifting equipment are primarily used to raise the ore to the surface. The safety and efficiency of hoisting equipment directly affect the overall mining operations.
6. Ventilation
Ventilation is the process of ensuring air circulation in underground mines to provide fresh air and remove harmful gases. Ventilation systems include fans, air ducts, and air regulation devices, ensuring a suitable working environment underground.
7. Drainage
Underground mine drainage is the process of managing accumulated water within a mine, including groundwater and seepage. Equipment such as drainage pumps and pipelines is used to remove the water, preventing adverse effects on mining operations and equipment.
Process Description
Iron ore is the primary raw material for steel production, and steel is one of the core materials for modern industry and infrastructure development. China is the world's largest steel producer and has a significant demand for iron ore. Based on the natural types of ore and ore processing technological properties, ores are classified into three types according to the TFe/FeO ratio. Among them, magnetite ore (TFe/FeO ≤ 3.5): steel-gray to dark gray, granular in texture, with massive, banded, spotted, or disseminated structures.
Time period
2022
2026
Geography
China
Geography comment
Forming China's average data through data integration from multiple sources
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The underground iron ore mining process in China includes procedures such as drilling, blasting, loading, transportation, hoisting, ventilation, and drainage.