Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
776f1456-084b-4092-bec3-7405bc60afdc
Materials
Associated ID
580e28da-f81d-4942-b130-35b46d14056d
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset represents the integrated process of three-stage crushing with closed-circuit grinding, followed by three-stage grinding and one-rougher-one-scavenger flotation for vanadium-titanium magnetite ore in Hebei. It covers the life cycle inventory (cradle-to-gate) from crushing to the production of hematite concentrate, including all activities associated with the beneficiation of vanadium-titanium iron ore, but excluding direct or indirect greenhouse gas emissions from the production of crushing equipment, magnetic separation equipment, personnel transportation, and daily office operations during the beneficiation process. The dataset was compiled from multiple data sources based on national standards such as the "Manual of Coefficients for Iron Ore Mining and Dressing Industry (0810)", "Emission Standards of Pollutants for Iron Ore Mining and Dressing Industry" GB28661-2012, "Cleaner Production Standard for Iron Ore Mining and Dressing Industry", and "Energy Consumption Quota per Unit Product in Iron Ore Dressing" GB31337-2014. It represents the average production level of vanadium-titanium magnetite ore processing in Hebei using a combined process of three-stage closed-circuit crushing, three-stage grinding, and one-rougher-one-scavenger flotation.
Activity Description
This dataset describes the process flow of treating vanadium-titanium magnetite in Hebei Province using a combined circuit of three-stage crushing with closed circuit, three-stage grinding, and one-stage roughing and one-stage scavenging flotation. The process steps are as follows: 1. Three-Stage Closed-Circuit Crushing Process
Three-Stage Crushing: The ore undergoes three stages of crushing, consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary crushing. Each stage progressively reduces the ore particle size to meet the requirements of the subsequent grinding process. The selection of crushing equipment for each stage is based on the ore's hardness and abrasiveness, ensuring uniform particle size distribution and optimized energy efficiency.
Closed-Circuit Cycle: After the tertiary crushing stage, the ore passes through a screening process to classify the particles by size. Material that meets the size specification is sent forward to the grinding circuit, while oversized material is returned to the tertiary crusher for re-crushing, thereby forming a closed-circuit loop. This process optimizes crushing efficiency and product particle size distribution while reducing energy consumption.
2. Two-Stage Grinding
First-stage grinding: The crushed ore enters a ball mill for primary grinding, typically achieving a size where approximately 65% passes through a 200-mesh sieve. The purpose is to achieve sufficient liberation of mineral particles.
Second-stage grinding: After the first-stage grinding, the mineral particles require further size reduction. They are fed into secondary grinding equipment, usually ground to a fineness where 95% passes through a 200-mesh sieve, ensuring complete particle liberation and facilitating the subsequent magnetic separation process.
3. Two-stage screening
First screening: After the first grinding stage, screening is performed to separate the qualified fine particles, while the unqualified particles are returned to the grinding equipment for further processing.
Second screening: After the second grinding stage, screening is carried out again to ensure that the particle size of the material entering the magnetic separation process meets the requirements, thereby enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of magnetic separation.
4. Tertiary magnetic separation
First magnetic separation (roughing): The mineral, after grinding and screening, enters the magnetic separator for initial low-intensity magnetic roughing to remove most of the gangue minerals and preliminarily recover iron minerals.
Second magnetic separation (scavenging): After roughing, the material undergoes further scavenging to recover valuable minerals not separated during the roughing stage, further improving the iron mineral recovery rate.
Third magnetic separation (cleaning): Finally, the material enters the cleaning magnetic separator, where high-intensity magnetic separation is applied for final purification, yielding high-grade iron concentrate and ensuring the effective recovery of vanadium and titanium elements in the concentrate. Filtration and dewatering: The concentrate after three stages of magnetic separation contains high moisture content and requires dewatering using filtration equipment. Typically, vacuum filters or ceramic filters are used to reduce the moisture content of the concentrate to meet specified standards, facilitating subsequent transportation and processing.
Process Description
In this dataset, the iron ore concentrate has a grade of 64%, belongs to transition metals, and is the main product of the mineral processing stage. Iron ore concentrate is typically in powder form and is widely used in downstream processing at sintering and pelletizing plants, serving as a key raw material in steel production.
Time period
2022
2026
Geography
China,Hebei
Geography comment
Forming Hebei average data through merging multiple datasets
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The vanadium and titanium magnetite beneficiation process involving three-stage closed-circuit crushing, two-stage grinding, two-stage screening, three-stage magnetic separation, and one-stage filtration is a systematic and refined procedure. Targeting the characteristics of vanadium and titanium magnetite, this process employs multi-stage beneficiation techniques to effectively improve the grade of iron concentrate and recover rare elements such as vanadium and titanium. By optimizing the process design, energy consumption and production costs are also reduced. This technology has been widely applied in regions rich in vanadium and titanium magnetite resources.