Protective slag can be used to ensure the stability and smooth operation of the continuous casting process and to improve the surface and subsurface quality of the cast slab, providing functions such as thermal insulation and lubrication. This dataset includes major raw materials, auxiliary materials, energy inputs, and atmospheric emissions from production processes; infrastructure such as production equipment and factory construction is not included within the system boundary. The life cycle inventory is compiled from data obtained from multiple sources. The production activities of protective slag include feeding and mixing, pre-melting, powder grinding, batching and mixing, fine grinding and granulation, drying and screening, and quality inspection processes.