This dataset is a market activity dataset, representing a combination of provincial 'limonite ore' markets within the northwestern region of China, i.e., the 'limonite ore' market group for the northwestern region. Transportation losses, transport vehicles, and transportation infrastructure are not included in this dataset; they are covered in the respective provincial market datasets. The northwestern region of China includes the following provinces and autonomous regions: Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Xinjiang. Data sources include the China Communications Yearbook, China Energy Statistical Yearbook, China Statistical Yearbook, and customs statistics from the General Administration of Customs.