Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
8ceddc29-8646-4738-a416-faf6442ab46e
Materials
Associated ID
b882cde2-68c7-428e-ae9d-e596282f8409
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset represents the life cycle inventory (cradle-to-gate) of magnetite ore from underground mining in Shandong, covering all activities related to magnetite mining production from drilling to the output of magnetite ore, but excluding the production of drilling rigs, transport equipment, personnel travel during mining operations, and direct or indirect greenhouse gas emissions from daily office operations. The dataset was compiled from multiple data sources based on national standards such as the 'Manual of Production and Emission Coefficients for the Iron Ore Mining and Processing Industry (0810)', 'Emission standard of pollutants for mining and mineral procressing industry (GB 28661-2012)', 'Cleaning production standard Iron ore mining and mineral processing industry', and 'The norm of the energy consumption per unit product of iron ore dressing(GB31337-2014)', representing the average production level of underground magnetite mining in Shandong.
Activity Description
This dataset describes the underground mining of Shandong magnetite ore, with the following process steps:
1. Rock Drilling
Rock drilling is the process of drilling holes into the underground ore body to prepare for blasting. Drilling machines (such as drill jumbos) are used to bore holes into the ore body for loading explosives. The accuracy and efficiency of drilling directly affect the subsequent blasting effectiveness and overall mining performance.
2. Blasting
Blasting involves detonating explosives in the pre-drilled holes to fragment the ore. Through blasting, the ore is broken into smaller pieces suitable for loading and transportation. Blasting operations require precise control of explosive quantity and detonation timing to ensure uniform ore fragmentation and operational safety.
3. Loading
Loading is the process of loading broken ore into mine trucks or other transportation equipment. Equipment such as shovels and loaders are used for ore loading. The efficiency of loading is critical to subsequent transportation and mining progress.
4. Transportation
Underground ore transportation is the process of moving loaded ore to hoisting points. Transportation methods include mine trucks, electric carts, or belt conveyors. The transportation system must be designed properly to ensure safe and efficient ore delivery.
5. Hoisting
Hoisting is the process of transporting underground ore to the surface using a hoisting system. Hoists or lifting equipment are primarily used to raise the ore to the surface. The safety and efficiency of hoisting equipment directly affect the overall mining operation.
6. Ventilation
Ventilation is the process of ensuring airflow in underground mines to supply fresh air and remove harmful gases. Ventilation systems include fans, air ducts, and air regulation devices, ensuring that the underground environment is suitable for operations.
7. Drainage
Underground mine drainage is the process of managing accumulated water within a mine, including groundwater and seepage. Equipment such as drainage pumps and pipelines are used to remove the accumulated water, preventing its adverse effects on mining operations and equipment.
Process Description
Iron ore is the primary raw material for steel production, and steel is one of the core materials in modern industry and infrastructure development. China is the world's largest steel producer and has enormous demand for iron ore. Based on the natural types of ore and ore processing technological properties, ores are classified into three categories according to the TFe/FeO ratio. Among them, magnetite ore (TFe/FeO ≤ 3.5): steel-gray to dark gray, granular texture, with massive, banded, spotted, or disseminated structure.
Time period
2022
2026
Geography
China,Shandong
Geography comment
Forming Shandong's average data through merging data from multiple sources
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The underground mining process of iron ore in China includes procedures such as drilling, blasting, loading, transportation, hoisting, ventilation, and drainage.