Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
97a1d262-2cf9-48b5-aa15-533463d90b39
Materials
Associated ID
982fc84d-c5da-46ec-8b10-7a3a9f68bac8
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset represents the underground mining of vanadium-titanium magnetite in Sichuan. It covers the life cycle inventory (cradle-to-gate) from rock drilling to the production of iron ore, including all activities related to the mining and production of vanadium-titanium iron concentrate, but excluding direct or indirect greenhouse gas emissions from the production of drilling rigs, transportation equipment, personnel travel, and daily office operations during the mining production process. The dataset is compiled from multiple sources based on national documents such as the 'Manual of Production and Emission Coefficients for the Iron Ore Mining and Processing Industry (0810)', 'Emission standard of pollutants for mining and mineral procressing industry (GB 28661-2012)', 'Cleaning production standard Iron ore mining and mineral processing industry', and 'The norm of the energy consumption per unit product of iron ore dressing(GB31337-2014)', and represents the average production level of underground vanadium-titanium magnetite mining in Sichuan.
Activity Description
This dataset describes the underground mining of vanadium titanium magnetite ore in Sichuan Province. The process flow is as follows:
1. Drilling
Drilling is the process of boring holes into the underground orebody, preparing for blasting. Drilling machines (such as drills) are used to create holes in the orebody for loading explosives. The accuracy and efficiency of drilling directly affect the subsequent blasting effectiveness and overall mining performance.
2. Blasting
Blasting involves the use of explosives detonated in drilled holes to break up ore. Through blasting, the ore is fragmented into pieces suitable for loading and transportation. Blasting operations require precise control of explosive quantity and detonation timing to ensure uniform ore fragmentation and safety.
3. Loading
Loading is the process of loading blasted ore into haul trucks or other transport equipment. Equipment such as shovels and loaders are used for ore loading. Loading efficiency is crucial for subsequent transportation and mining progress.
4. Transportation
Underground ore transportation is the process of moving loaded ore to the hoisting point. Transportation methods include ore cars, electric carts, or belt conveyors. The transportation system must be designed rationally to ensure safe and efficient ore delivery.
5. Hoisting
Hoisting refers to the process of transporting underground ore to the surface via a hoisting system. Hoists or hoisting equipment are primarily used to lift the ore to the surface. The safety and efficiency of hoisting equipment directly affect the overall mining operation.
6. Ventilation
Ventilation is the process of ensuring air circulation in underground mines to provide fresh air and remove harmful gases. Ventilation systems include fans, airways, and air regulation equipment to maintain a suitable working environment underground.
7. Drainage
Drainage in underground mining areas involves managing accumulated water in the mine, including groundwater and seepage. Equipment such as drainage pumps and pipelines are used to remove accumulated water, preventing its impact on mining operations and equipment.
Process Description
This dataset describes the vanadium-titanium magnetite ore from Sichuan Province, with the following information:
Vanadium-titanium magnetite is a complex, polymetallic ore primarily containing iron, vanadium, and titanium, and associated with various valuable elements (such as chromium, cobalt, nickel, copper, scandium, gallium, and platinum group elements). It has high contents of valuable elements, making it an important industrial mineral resource with significant potential for development and comprehensive utilization. In recent years, global demand for vanadium and titanium products has been continuously increasing. Vanadium products are primarily used in the steel industry and energy storage batteries, while titanium materials are widely applied in chemical engineering, aerospace, power generation, and light industry. Vanadium-titanium magnetite has closely associated iron and titanium, with titanium, vanadium, chromium, etc. occurring in the form of isomorphous substitution within vanadium-titanium magnetite. In nature, vanadium-titanium magnetite primarily forms in mafic and ultramafic rock bodies. Common valuable ore minerals in such deposits are mainly vanadium-titanium magnetite and ilmenite, along with minor amounts of magnetite, hematite, and sulfides. Vanadium-titanium magnetite is a type of magnetite containing exsolved solid solution phases such as ilmenite, ulvöspinel, and magnesioferrite; through regional metamorphic processes, it can recrystallize into ilmenite and magnetite. Generally, vanadium-titanium magnetite contains 1%–15% TiO₂ and V₂O₅0. 1% to 2%. The chemical composition of ilmenite is FeTiO3. Ilmenite contains 52.66% TiO2. Complete solid solution can occur between Fe2+ and Mg2+, Mn2+, forming the FeTiO3-MgTiO3 or FeTiO3-MnTiO3 series. When FeO is dominant, it is called ilmenite; when MgO is dominant, it is called geikielite; and when MnO is dominant, it is called pyrophanite. Ilmenite has a Mohs hardness of 5–6, a specific gravity of 4.70–4.78, weak magnetism, and a magnetic susceptibility of 1173.33–224. 56×10^-9 m³/kg. The Panzhihua-Xichang area in southwestern Sichuan is located in the hinterland of Sichuan Province. The mining region has experienced intense neotectonic movements, which primarily resulted in a series of northwest to west-northwest trending faults, reactivation of north-south trending fractures, and strong differential uplift and subsidence. These tectonic activities have formed a magmatic complex zone composed of magmatic rocks of different types and ages. Along this complex zone, from south to north, there are stratiform mafic to ultramafic intrusions containing titanomagnetite deposits at Panzhihua, Hongge, Baima, and Taihe. These intrusions constitute a north-south trending vanadium-titanium magnetite metallogenic belt, which is the most extensive and richest in reserves of vanadium and titanium resources, and represents one of the world's major regions for this type of deposit. Due to its enormous potential resources, it is known as " natural resource base," it is widely used in various industries. The Panzhihua, Hongge, Baima, and Taihe four typical super-large vanadium-titanium magnetite mining areas are not only very important special iron and steel ore supply bases in China, but also important production sites for vanadium and titanium metals, holding significant strategic and economic importance.
Time period
2022
2026
Geography
China,Sichuan
Geography comment
Forming Sichuan average data through merging data from multiple sources
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The underground iron ore mining process in China includes procedures such as drilling, blasting, loading, transportation, hoisting, ventilation, and drainage.