Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
98fe784b-e90c-4722-8b2f-f1469bf99c65
Materials
Associated ID
463ba5d5-78e5-4d80-ba47-ac30935f4eb8
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset represents the average production situation of earthenware (E>10%) building ceramics in China. Its data are obtained by weighted aggregation of the production datasets of porcelain, earthenware, stoneware porcelain, fine stoneware and stoneware ceramics. The aggregation weights are based on the industry data of the "2022 Production Capacity Proportions of Various Ceramic Tile Products", and corresponding to the classification principle by water absorption of the national standard GB/T 4100-2015 "Ceramic Tiles", the market categories are mapped to five major technical categories, finally determining the proportion composition of various products in the national building ceramics output, i.e.: porcelain (60%), earthenware (16%), stoneware porcelain (12%), fine stoneware (6%) and stoneware (6%).
Activity Description
The system boundary covers core manufacturing processes such as raw material ball milling and homogenization, spray granulation, press molding, body drying, decoration (such as glazing, printing, inkjet printing), high-temperature firing and cold processing, as well as energy-auxiliary processes such as related fuel preparation, energy input, and waste treatment in the factory, excluding product packaging.
Process Description
Architectural ceramics are ceramic products used in buildings and structures, serving functions such as decoration, construction, and protection. Plate-like or block-like architectural ceramic products manufactured mainly from clay, feldspar, and quartz for covering walls and floors can be classified according to water absorption (E) into porcelain (E≤0.5%), porcelain stoneware (0.5%<E≤3%), fine stoneware (3%<E≤6%), stoneware (6%<E≤10%), and earthenware (E>10%).
Time period
2021
2026
Geography
China
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The spray granulation-dry pressing molding-roller kiln firing process is the mainstream continuous production route in China's architectural ceramic tile industry, covering key manufacturing links such as granulation, pressing and rapid high-temperature firing.