Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
9b143dbb-c4c7-4c56-8d61-f7d54975528e
Materials
Associated ID
133a1966-1688-4b7e-9b51-b4ae383dadcb
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
The product represented by this dataset is manganese concentrate, a high-grade manganese ore obtained through beneficiation enrichment, in which the manganese content is significantly increased to the level required for metallurgical or chemical utilization. Its common forms are powder or granules, with a density of about 3.7-4.5 g/cm³. The specific grade varies with the intended use: the metallurgical grade is mostly 35%-48%, while the chemical grade can reach higher purity. The main impurities include iron, silicon, phosphorus, and aluminum, which affect the efficiency of subsequent smelting or chemical processes and product quality. The upstream key raw material of this product is low-grade primary manganese ore, from which the concentrate is obtained through crushing, grinding, and beneficiation enrichment. Downstream, it mainly serves as an important raw material for smelting manganese-series alloys (silicomanganese, ferromanganese, electrolytic manganese), and is also used to produce chemicals such as potassium permanganate and manganese dioxide, as well as refractory materials. The system boundary includes sub-processes such as raw-ore pretreatment, grinding, beneficiation, dewatering and drying, and the treatment of waste gas, wastewater, and solid waste, explicitly excluding mine exploitation, long-distance transport of raw materials, manufacturing of production equipment, and plant infrastructure construction. The data sources integrate industry-average indicators, on-site measured data from typical beneficiation plants, and relevant beneficiation process literature, and are constructed by merging multiple sources. Where the production process involves multiple-product situations, mass allocation is carried out according to the product mass ratio to ensure that inputs and outputs correspond to the actual process flow. The dataset includes the main raw and auxiliary materials, energy, and waste in the production process; infrastructure such as the manufacturing of production equipment and the construction of plants is not included within the dataset boundary. The data inventory is formed by merging data from multiple sources.
Activity Description
Manganese concentrate production uses primary manganese ore as raw material. The main inputs are low-grade raw ore, mineral processing agents (collectors, foaming agents, regulators, etc.), electricity, and water. The output is high-grade manganese concentrate, tailings, and a small amount of mineral processing wastewater and waste gas. The process generally includes crushing and screening of raw ore, grinding to appropriate fineness, grading, dispensing, flotation or gravity separation to enrich manganese minerals, and if necessary, magnetic separation or roasting pretreatment to improve selectivity. After separation, the concentrate slurry is concentrated, filtered or filtered, dehydrated, and dried to obtain finished concentrate, and auxiliary links such as tailings transportation and storage, wastewater reuse or treatment, and dust collection are simultaneously carried out. The scope of the data set covers raw ore pretreatment, grinding, separation (flotation/gravity/magnetic separation, etc.), dehydration and drying, and three waste management. It does not cover mining, long-distance transportation, and plant infrastructure construction and equipment manufacturing.
Process Description
Manganese concentrate is a high-grade manganese-containing product obtained from raw ores through mineral processing. The main components are high-grade manganese minerals such as manganese dioxide and manganese carbonate. The grade of metallic manganese is generally between 30% and 48%. The content of impurities such as iron, phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon is significantly lower than that of the raw ore. The key performance parameters include manganese grade, impurity element content, particle size composition, and selection. Ore recovery rate and water content, mostly in the form of fine granular or powdery aggregates, are mainly used as core raw materials for smelting metallic manganese, electrolytic manganese and producing manganese alloys. They are used as deoxidizers, desulfurizers and alloy additives in the steel industry to improve the strength, hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of steel. They can also be used in the preparation of manganese salts and battery material manufacturing in the chemical industry.
Time period
2020
2026
Geography
China
Geography comment
Generated by merging multiple source data sets in this geographical location.
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The production stage of electrolytic manganese metal includes a series of production processes, which can be roughly divided into three steps, namely, leaching of manganese ore (i.e., raw material processing and leaching), removal of impurities (i.e., neutralization to remove iron, press filtration, sulfidation to remove heavy metals, adsorption and standing of the solution after sulfidation), and electrolysis (i.e., electrolysis process and electrolytic manganese post-treatment process).