Cradle to Consumer
Identity ID
9c36fd34-8942-45b9-8ed2-e2d5e2add538
Materials
Associated ID
bf8eff1a-e71e-4d2c-ad58-3c50dde95ac3
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset is a market dataset, representing the consumption market of the region; the dataset includes the transport of the product from the gate to the consumer end, and the transport service is calculated according to the transport situation of this product in this region. Antimony trioxide is widely used in fields such as flame retardants, enamel and glass, ceramics, electronic materials, chemical synthesis and pharmaceutical intermediates. Antimony trioxide is modelled as a pure substance; when modelling this substance the user needs to add a solvent of their choice in the model; the dataset contains the main raw and auxiliary materials, energy, waste and atmospheric emissions of the production process, in which the waste gas treatment process is included within the dataset boundary, and infrastructure such as the manufacture of production equipment and the construction of plant buildings is not included within the dataset boundary; the data inventory is formed by merging data from multiple sources; the production activities of this product include refined antimony melting, oxidation volatilisation and cooling.
Activity Description
The production activities of this product include refined antimony melting, oxidation volatilization, cooling and other processes.
Process Description
Antimony trioxide has the chemical formula Sb2O3 and CAS number 1309-64-4. It is generally a white, odorless crystalline powder with a melting point of approximately 656°C, a boiling point of approximately 1,550°C, and a Mohs hardness of 2.5-3. It is slightly soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol and diethyl ether, and readily soluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and strong alkali solutions. It is chemically stable, does not readily oxidize at ambient temperature, and can be reduced to metallic antimony at high temperatures. It provides a strong synergistic flame-retardant effect when used with halogen compounds. It is mainly used as an inorganic flame retardant in plastics, rubber, and textiles and as an opacifier in enamels and glass. It is also used as a colorant and flux in ceramics, in electronic materials for its photoelectric properties, in the production of antimonates and organoantimony stabilizers, as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and as a catalyst for certain oxidation reactions.
Time period
2020
2026
Geography
China,Hunan
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The fire-based indirect method is the traditional mainstream technology for the production of antimony trioxide. It is produced through roasting, reduction and re-oxidation of antimony concentrate. The product has high purity and good whiteness, and accounts for more than 80% of the domestic antimony trioxide market. This data set represents the mainstream technology: producing antimony trioxide from purchased refined antimony/cathode antimony as raw materials. The process includes the melting of refined antimony, oxidation volatilization, and cooling of antimony trioxide. Add the purchased refined antimony into the antimony white furnace, use auxiliary fuel to heat the melt, control the temperature at about 1100-1200°C, and melt the refined antimony ingot into a liquid state. Then air is blown into the surface of the antimony liquid in the furnace through a blower, so that the antimony is oxidized into antimony trioxide and enters the flue gas. The volatilized antimony trioxide meets the cold air in the top mixer of the antimony white furnace and is rapidly cooled into a powdery solid.