The manufacturing process of copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) thin-film photovoltaic modules includes procedures such as loading molybdenum-coated substrates, laser marking, substrate cleaning, deposition of metal precursor layer, selenium vapor deposition, in-line selenization treatment, back surface cleaning, buffer layer deposition, front electrode deposition, front electrode inspection, busbar pre-processing, busbar welding, lamination, and junction box installation.