Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
a744c862-417c-461a-8751-db547b79f46f
Materials
Associated ID
ffebbbc6-e169-4775-979d-94e42742d181
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset represents the life cycle inventory (cradle-to-gate) of magnetite ore mining in Liaoning, covering all activities related to iron ore mining and production from drilling to ore output, but excluding the production of drilling rigs, transportation equipment, and direct or indirect greenhouse gas emissions from personnel travel and daily office operations during the mining production process. The dataset was formed by consolidating data from multiple sources based on national standards such as the 'Manual of Production and Emission Coefficients for the Iron Ore Mining and Processing Industry (0810)', 'Emission standard of pollutants for mining and mineral procressing industry (GB 28661-2012)', 'Cleaning production standard Iron ore mining and mineral processing industry', and 'The norm of the energy consumption per unit product of iron ore dressing(GB31337-2014)', and it represents the average production level of magnetite mining in Liaoning.
Activity Description
This dataset describes the mining of magnetite ore in Liaoning Province, primarily encompassing two fundamental mining methods: open-pit mining and underground mining.
Open-pit mining: Open-pit mining involves removing overlying soil and rock (overburden) to directly expose the ore body at the surface for extraction. This method is typically applied to large-scale, shallow-depth deposits, offering advantages such as lower mining costs and higher production efficiency. Typical steps in open-pit mining include drilling, blasting, overburden stripping, ore loading, and transportation. Major equipment used includes excavators, drill rigs, bulldozers, and haul trucks. Underground mining: Underground mining is primarily used for deeper ore bodies, accessing the ore through the construction of underground shafts and tunnels. This method is suitable for ore deposits with deep burial or where surface conditions are unsuitable for open-pit mining. The process of underground mining includes shaft construction, ore extraction, and haulage, with equipment such as drills, hoists, and mine carts being used. The advantages of underground mining include minimal surface disruption; however, it involves higher costs and stringent safety requirements.
Process Description
Iron ore is the primary raw material for steel production, and steel is one of the core materials for modern industry and infrastructure development. China is the world's largest steel producer and has a significant demand for iron ore. Based on the natural types of ore and ore processing technological properties, ores are classified into three types according to the TFe/FeO ratio. Among them, magnetite ore (TFe/FeO ≤ 3.5): steel-gray to dark gray, granular in texture, with massive, banded, spotted, or disseminated structures.
Time period
2022
2026
Geography
China,Liaoning
Geography comment
Formation of Liaoning's average data through merging data from multiple sources
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
This dataset describes the mining of iron ore, primarily involving two methods:
Open-pit mining: Directly extracting ore by removing overlying rock and soil from the surface. This method is suitable for shallow deposits, features low costs and high production efficiency, and typically employs large equipment such as excavators and bulldozers.
Underground mining: Accessing deep ore bodies through the construction of underground tunnels. This method is suitable for deeply buried deposits, has higher costs, causes less surface disturbance, but requires enhanced safety measures.