Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
a77183ba-19de-43c6-97d7-e03869be048c
Materials
Associated ID
142e73ec-c40d-4cc4-88eb-1c9ed197eaeb
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset represents a product that is metallic manganese, a silvery-grey, hard and brittle metal with chemically active but relatively corrosion-resistant properties, having good alloying ability and deoxidation and desulfurization effects. Metallic manganese is an important industrial raw material; its upstream main raw material is manganese ore (such as manganese oxide ore), and the downstream applications are extensive: the vast majority is directly or indirectly consumed in steel production to improve steel properties, while it is also used in batteries, electronics, specialty chemicals, food, aerospace and various other industrial fields. The entire production process includes core processes such as the drying, crude smelting, refining, depletion and casting of manganese ore. The dataset includes the main raw and auxiliary materials, energy and wastes in the production process; infrastructure such as the manufacture of production equipment and plant construction is not included within the boundary of the dataset; the data inventory is formed by merging data from multiple sources.
Activity Description
The entire production process includes manganese ore pretreatment, smelting reduction, refining and ingot casting. The main inputs are manganese ore (pyrolusite or manganese carbonate ore), coke or silicon-based reducing agents, electricity, etc. The output is metallic manganese products and by-products such as slag and waste gas. The entire process covers the process from manganese ore entering the production system to the output of metallic manganese finished products.
Process Description
Metal manganese is a silver-gray hard and brittle metal with active chemical properties but strong corrosion resistance. It has good alloying ability and deoxidation and desulfurization effects. Manganese is widely used in various industrial fields such as metallurgy, chemical industry, food, and aerospace. Most of the manganese metal is consumed directly or indirectly in steel production, while some manganese metal is used in batteries, electronics, special chemicals and other industries.
Time period
2021
2026
Geography
China
Geography comment
Generated by merging multiple data sets in this geographical location.
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The manganese metal process mainly includes five stages: drying, rough smelting, refining, dilution, and casting. Manganese oxide ore is transported into a rotary kiln for drying and preheating, and the hot material is quantitatively added to the submerged arc furnace via a hot ore bin and a hot vibrating screen. After rough smelting in the submerged arc furnace, the material is sent to a refining electric furnace for further smelting. The refining furnace operates according to the shaking ladle process, where the refining of manganese metal is completed through steps such as feeding, power supply, and slag tapping. The refined slag is depleted by adding high-silicon silicomanganese in the shaking ladle. The final molten manganese metal or high-carbon ferromanganese is cast, cooled, and finished to obtain the final product.