Cradle to Consumer
Identity ID
abf1c0ba-7345-40b2-a1ee-e4eae2e09788
Materials
Associated ID
ca1c92d6-0ccb-4c36-b9b7-c5449d0841da
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This is a market dataset representing the consumption market in the region. It includes transportation of the product from the factory gate to consumption, with transport services calculated according to the regional transportation conditions for the product.
Activity Description
The production process of steel billets includes steps such as converter smelting, molten steel refining, and casting and shaping of molten steel, covering energy consumption, material consumption, waste treatment, and environmental emissions during the production process.
Process Description
Billets are primary products obtained by casting molten steel from steel-making furnaces, typically in the form of slabs (for sheet production), blooms (for section and wire rod production), and tube坯. They are important semi-finished products in the steel industry, possessing good plasticity and workability. Billets can serve as raw materials for downstream processes, being rolled, forged, drawn, or otherwise processed into finished steel products of various specifications and shapes, such as steel plates, steel tubes, and steel bars. 20Cr13 stainless steel is a martensitic stainless steel, with a chemical composition primarily including approximately 0.16% to 0.25% carbon, around 12% to 14% chromium, and small amounts of other alloying elements. 25% carbon and 12% to 14% chromium, along with smaller amounts of nickel, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur. Stainless steel billets are the primary form in the stainless steel manufacturing process and are typically further processed into various stainless steel products.
Time period
2021
2026
Geography
China,Xizang Autonomous Region
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
Steelmaking processes mainly include basic oxygen steelmaking and electric arc furnace steelmaking. Basic oxygen steelmaking is a common steelmaking technique in which high-temperature combustion and oxygen blowing are used to remove impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus from molten steel. By controlling the amount of oxygen blown in and the processing time, the oxygen atmosphere and reaction conditions inside the furnace are regulated to control the composition and quality of the alloy. Subsequently, the molten and refined steel is transferred via ladle to a turret. When the turret rotates to the casting position, the molten steel is poured into a tundish, which then distributes the steel through nozzles into individual molds. After cooling and solidification, shaped crude steel billets are formed. The steel billet production process combining a dephosphorization converter with an intermediate frequency furnace is an efficient steelmaking method. In the dephosphorization converter stage, excess phosphorus is removed from molten iron by adding an appropriate amount of lime and blowing in oxygen. In the intermediate frequency furnace stage, electromagnetic induction heating is used to mix alloying elements with the molten iron. The intermediate frequency furnace provides precise temperature control and a relatively uniform heating environment, which helps achieve a homogeneous distribution of alloying elements in the molten steel. During this stage, various alloying elements such as carbon, silicon, manganese, nickel, and chromium can be added as required to achieve the desired chemical composition and mechanical properties. In this unit process of electric furnace steelmaking, the scrap ratio is approximately 40%.