Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
ad92b133-d7f7-42c7-a920-df8c2adc5fd8
Materials
Associated ID
34dab7c0-b17c-457f-b17a-b8c3ddc8aa1c
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset represents the production of cement prepared by a vertical mill system process. The production process includes cement grinding and takes the water-circulation process into account. The data are mainly sourced from publicly available literature and official standards. Information on the emission inventory:
1. For the emissions of major pollutants such as CO2, calculated values from publicly available literature are used.
2. For the emissions of major pollutants such as SO2 and NOx, measured values from publicly available literature are used.
3. For the emissions of PM (≤2.5 μm), PM (2.5-10 μm) and PM (≥10 μm), estimates are made based on the total particulate-matter values and emission factors from publicly available literature.
4. For the emissions of wastewater and inert substances, estimates are made using the analogy method.
5. All emission quantities take into account the discharge standards of the Technical Guidelines for the Accounting of Pollution Source Strength in China’s Cement Industry.
Activity Description
The production system boundary of this product is the grinding stage of cement production, including cement grinding, flue gas denitration, particulate matter removal, and flue gas desulfurization. The process used can basically realize the full cycle of water, and part of the loss is treated as non-recyclable waste.
Process Description
Portland cement is a hydraulic binder produced by grinding Portland cement clinker with an appropriate amount of gypsum; 0-5% of additional constituents may be added. It is suitable for high-strength and prestressed concrete used in important structures.
Time period
2022
2026
Geography
China
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The vertical mill system is an efficient equipment that integrates grinding and powder selection. With the advantages of high energy efficiency, low emissions and intelligence, it has become the mainstream process of modern cement grinding in the world. Its penetration rate in China's cement industry exceeds 90%, representing the most advanced and sustainable development direction of grinding technology.