Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
b48b5da2-ffec-44bc-a803-5b1c4573f75d
Waste treatment
Associated ID
fc874e5e-b3c9-46be-9971-306b6bd5e0fd
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
The composition of municipal solid waste treated by municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWI) in Xizang are as follows: kitchen waste 57%, paper 6%, rubber 12%, textiles (fibers) 7%, wood and bamboo 14%, ash and soil 0%, brick tiles and ceramics 3%, glass 0%, metals 1%, others 0%. Moisture content is 56.86%, higher heating value is 7185.47 kJ/kg, and lower heating value is 5196. 19 kJ/kg.
Waste treatment activities are based on an average urban/municipal waste mix and are not suitable for single specific waste types such as plastics, paper, cardboard, etc. If your waste consists of a specific waste mixture, please separately account for the corresponding waste streams. Each kg of this waste generates 0.205 kg of slag and 0.05 kg of fly ash: after precious metal recovery from fly ash and slag, they are landfilled; the fly ash is solidified with cement at a ratio of 1:1.
The average thermal efficiency of waste heat electricity generation is assumed to be 22%. In the waste heat heating process, there is no conversion between different forms of heat and energy, resulting in higher thermal efficiency, with an average value of 64%. By integrating the thermal efficiencies of the waste heat electricity generation and direct heating processes, 15% of the heat generated from waste incineration is used for electricity generation, and 56% is used for direct heating.
Activity Description
After waste enters the incineration plant, it is first piled and stored, during which leachate is generated due to the high moisture content of the waste. Subsequently, the stored waste is fed into the incinerator for combustion. The flue gas produced during incineration is treated through flue gas purification systems. The resulting solid residues include bottom ash and fly ash, with bottom ash deposited at the bottom of the incinerator and fly ash carried away with the flue gas. The heat generated from incineration is utilized for power generation or heating, achieving resource recovery. The electricity produced from waste heat recovery can be sold externally or reused within the incineration plant.
Process Description
"Municipal solid waste" is primarily generated from a wide range of activities across many different sectors. "Municipal solid waste" includes the following components: kitchen waste, paper, rubber, textiles (fibers), wood and bamboo, ashes and soil, bricks, tiles and ceramics, glass, metals, and potentially other fractions. This by-product (recyclable or waste) arises from common transformation activities and can therefore be considered for modeling waste outputs of similar composition. In the HiQ database, treatment methods for this by-product include: landfilling – sanitary landfill, municipal incineration. Additionally, this by-product is used in the following process: clinker production.
Time period
2022
2026
Geography
China,Xizang Autonomous Region
Geography comment
National statistics, literature research
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
In China, 90% of waste-to-energy power plants use mechanical grate incinerators for their furnaces, with waste heat boilers configured in vertical, horizontal, or II-type arrangements, primarily adopting the horizontal layout. These facilities are typically equipped with the following systems: in-furnace denitrification system, semi-dry flue gas desulfurization tower, dry powder injection, activated carbon injection adsorption system, and baghouse dust collector. The in-furnace denitrification systems mainly employ selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technologies.