This dataset is a market activity dataset, representing a combination of provincial 'hematite ore' markets within the northwestern region of China, i.e., the 'hematite ore' market group for the northwestern region. Transportation losses, transportation vehicles, and infrastructure are not included in this dataset; they are covered in the respective provincial market datasets. The northwestern region of China includes the following provinces: Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Xinjiang. Data sources include the China Communications Yearbook, China Energy Statistics Yearbook, China Statistical Yearbook, and customs statistics from the General Administration of Customs.