Iron ore is the main raw material for steel production, and steel is one of the core materials for modern industry and infrastructure. Hematite, with the chemical composition α-Fe2O3, is an oxide mineral belonging to the hexagonal crystal system and exhibits polymorphism with maghemite (γ-Fe2O3), which crystallizes in the isometric system. It has a Mohs hardness of 5.5–6.5. In China's iron ore resources, hematite accounts for a significant proportion and is characterized by wide distribution, large reserves, and low grade. Compared to magnetite, hematite has finer mineral grain size, higher clay content, and greater beneficiation difficulty.