Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
c62889c0-4f2b-4c9f-96a0-58f3473cd9e1
Materials
Associated ID
9a338565-ec87-4c54-8089-b96295663fcf
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset represents the life cycle inventory of underground mining of specular hematite ore in China, covering all activities associated with specular hematite ore mining production cradle-to-gate, starting from rock drilling to iron ore production. It does not include the direct or indirect greenhouse gas emissions from the production of drilling machines, transportation equipment, personnel commuting, or daily office operations during the mining production process. The dataset was developed by consolidating data from multiple sources based on national standards such as the 'Manual of Production and Emission Coefficients for the Iron Ore Mining and Processing Industry (0810)', 'Emission standard of pollutants for mining and mineral procressing industry (GB 28661-2012)', 'Cleaning production standard Iron ore mining and mineral processing industry', and 'The norm of the energy consumption per unit product of iron ore dressing(GB31337-2014)', representing the average production level of underground specularite mining in China.
Activity Description
This dataset describes underground iron ore mining in China, with the following process steps:
1. Drilling
Drilling is the process of creating boreholes in underground ore bodies in preparation for blasting. Drilling machines (such as drill rigs) are used to bore holes into the ore body for charging with explosive agents. The precision and efficiency of drilling directly affect the subsequent blasting effectiveness and overall mining performance.
2. Blasting
Blasting involves detonating explosives loaded into pre-drilled holes to fragment the ore. Through blasting, the ore is broken down into smaller pieces suitable for loading and transportation. Blasting operations require precise control of explosive quantity and detonation timing to ensure uniform ore fragmentation and operational safety.
3. Loading
Loading is the process of loading blasted ore into mine trucks or other transportation equipment. Equipment such as loaders and excavators are used to load the ore. The efficiency of loading is crucial for subsequent transportation and mining progress.
4. Transportation
Underground ore transportation involves moving the loaded ore to hoisting points. Transportation methods include mine trucks, electric carts, or belt conveyors. The transportation system must be designed rationally to ensure safe and efficient ore delivery.
5. Hoisting
Hoisting is the process of transporting underground ore to the surface using a hoisting system. Hoists or lifting equipment are primarily used to raise the ore to the surface. The safety and efficiency of the hoisting equipment directly affect the overall mining operations.
6. Ventilation
Ventilation is the process of ensuring air circulation in underground mines to provide fresh air and remove harmful gases. The ventilation system includes fans, air ducts, and air regulation devices, ensuring a suitable working environment underground.
7. Drainage
Underground mine drainage is the process of managing accumulated water within a mine, including groundwater and seepage. Using equipment such as drainage pumps and pipelines, the accumulated water is removed to prevent adverse effects on mining operations and equipment.
Process Description
Iron ore is the primary raw material for steel production, and steel is one of the core materials in modern industry and infrastructure construction. specularite is a variety of hematite, occurring as flaky aggregates with metallic luster. It ranges from iron-black to steel-gray. The crystal faces have strong luster, glittering like a mirror, hence the name. It often contains very fine magnetite inclusions and thus exhibits magnetism. Major occurrences are in the Jingtoushan iron deposit in Gansu, Xinyu-type iron-bearing quartzite deposits in Jiangxi, the Huoqiu region in Anhui, the Bayan Obo iron deposit in Inner Mongolia, the Taochong iron mine in Anhui, Shunfengshan iron mine, Nanlu iron mine, Fan Chang, Tongling, and the Shuimaoshan iron mine in Jiangsu.
Time period
2022
2026
Geography
China
Geography comment
Forming China's average data through data integration from multiple sources
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The underground iron ore mining process in China includes procedures such as drilling, blasting, loading, transportation, hoisting, ventilation, and drainage.