The production of P-type monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells involves major processes including texturing, diffusion, selective emitter (SE) doping, etching, oxidation, film deposition, screen printing, sintering, and inspection. The production of N-type TOPCon photovoltaic cells includes processes such as texturing, boron diffusion, laser SE, oxidation, etching, back polishing, poly tunneling oxide layer formation, annealing, RCA cleaning, ALD film deposition, PECVD film deposition, screen printing, drying, sintering, light injection, testing, and sorting. The manufacturing process of HJT photovoltaic cells includes texturing, cleaning, amorphous silicon thin film deposition, transparent conductive film deposition, screen printing, and other process steps. The production of polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells includes texturing, cleaning, alkaline cleaning, acid cleaning, phosphorus diffusion, PSG removal, etching, plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, screen printing with sintering, inspection, and other process steps.