Cradle to Consumer
Identity ID
dcc887f2-e1cb-402b-aa81-1dca711b14f7
Materials
Associated ID
2a8e62e6-e170-4da1-bc97-437bbaa12d49
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This is a market dataset. Each market represents the consumption mix of products within a specific geographic region, accounting for transportation to consumers and associated losses during this process. This activity represents the supply of Chinese stainless steel billets to steel manufacturing consumption activities. The data are based on China Customs statistics, China Statistical Yearbook, and China Iron and Steel Industry Yearbook.
Activity Description
This dataset is a market activity dataset, where each market represents a consumption mix of products within a specific region. Markets cover producers and importers of the product within the same geographical area, considering transportation to consumers and associated losses during this process.
Process Description
Billets are primary products obtained by casting molten steel from steel-making furnaces, typically in the form of slabs (for producing sheet materials), blooms (for producing profiles and wire rods), and tube billets. They are important semi-finished products in the steel industry, possessing good plasticity and workability. Billets serve as raw materials for downstream processes and can be transformed through rolling, forging, drawing, and other processing methods into finished steel products of various specifications and shapes, such as steel plates, steel pipes, and steel bars. In industries including construction, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding, and automotive manufacturing, billets are widely used to produce various components and structural materials. Stainless steel billets are the primary form in the stainless steel manufacturing process and are typically further processed into various stainless steel products.
Time period
2021
2026
Geography
China
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
Steelmaking processes mainly include basic oxygen steelmaking and electric arc furnace steelmaking. Basic oxygen steelmaking is a common steel production method, in which impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus are removed from molten steel through high-temperature combustion and oxygen blowing. By controlling the amount of oxygen blown in and the processing time, the oxygen atmosphere and reaction conditions inside the furnace are regulated, thus controlling the composition and quality of the alloy. Subsequently, the molten and refined steel is transferred via ladle to a turret. After the turret rotates to the casting position, the molten steel is poured into a tundish, which then distributes the steel through nozzles into individual molds. After cooling and solidification, shaped crude steel billets are formed. Electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking is a steelmaking method that utilizes the thermal effect of an electric arc to heat and melt charge materials. Electrical energy is fed into the EAF through graphite electrodes, with the arc generated between the electrode tips and the charge serving as the heat source for steelmaking. EAF steelmaking primarily uses scrap steel as raw material, along with auxiliary materials such as alloys, lime, and carbon raisers. The basic process of EAF steelmaking includes slag removal and furnace patching, charging of metallic materials, power supply, melting, oxidation, reduction refining, and tapping. In this unit process, the scrap steel ratio for electric arc furnace steelmaking is approximately 30%.