The one-step ethanol method for preparing 1,3-butadiene uses ethanol as a raw material, which reacts in a reactor under the action of a catalyst at a certain temperature to produce butadiene in a single step. The chemical reaction is as follows: 2 C2H6O -> C4H6 + 2H2O + H2. Based on the chemical reaction, the molar yield of 1,3-butadiene from 1 kg of ethanol is 0.587 kg. In practice, the yield of 1,3-butadiene is lower than the stoichiometric yield due to the formation of by-products such as diethyl ether, ethylene, n-butanol, butenes, and heavy products (C6+).