Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
ef1716ae-1ee8-48ed-91e1-29b862f683fb
Materials
Associated ID
f8e99336-1c66-444e-8189-fee1a9cb06b1
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This dataset represents iron ore mined underground in Shanxi. It covers the life cycle inventory cradle-to-gate, starting from drilling and ending with the production of iron ore, including all activities related to iron ore mining and production, but excluding the production of drilling rigs, transport equipment, personnel travel, and direct or indirect greenhouse gas emissions from daily office operations during the mining production process. The dataset is compiled from multiple data sources based on national standards including the 'Manual of Production and Emission Coefficients for the Iron Ore Mining and Processing Industry (0810)', 'Emission standard of pollutants for mining and mineral procressing industry (GB 28661-2012)', 'Cleaning production standard Iron ore mining and mineral processing industry', and 'The norm of the energy consumption per unit product of iron ore dressing(GB31337-2014)'. It represents the average production level of underground iron ore mining in Shanxi.
Activity Description
This dataset describes underground iron ore mining in Shanxi Province, with the following process steps:
1. Drilling
Drilling is the process of creating boreholes in underground ore bodies in preparation for blasting. Drilling machines (such as drill rigs) are used to bore holes into the ore body to load explosives. The accuracy and efficiency of drilling directly affect the subsequent blasting performance and overall mining efficiency.
2. Blasting
Blasting involves detonating explosives loaded into pre-drilled holes to fragment the ore. Through blasting, the ore is broken down into smaller pieces suitable for loading and transportation. Blasting operations require precise control of explosive quantities and timing to ensure uniform ore fragmentation and operational safety.
3. Loading
Loading is the process of loading blasted ore into mine cars or other transportation equipment. Equipment such as loaders and excavators are used to load the ore. The efficiency of loading is crucial for subsequent transportation and mining progress.
4. Transportation
Underground ore transportation is the process of moving the loaded ore to the hoisting point. Transportation methods include mine cars, electric carts, or belt conveyors. The transportation system must be rationally designed to ensure safe and efficient ore delivery.
5. Hoisting
Hoisting is the process of transporting underground ore to the surface through a hoisting system. Hoists or lifting equipment are primarily used to raise the ore to the surface. The safety and efficiency of hoisting equipment directly affect the overall mining operation.
6. Ventilation
Ventilation is the process of ensuring air circulation in underground mines to provide fresh air and remove harmful gases. Ventilation systems include fans, air ducts, and air regulation devices, ensuring a suitable working environment underground.
7. Drainage
Underground mine drainage is the process of managing accumulated water within the mine, including groundwater and seepage. Equipment such as drainage pumps and pipes is used to remove the accumulated water, preventing adverse impacts on mining operations and equipment.
Process Description
Iron ore is the primary raw material for steel production, and steel is one of the core materials for modern industry and infrastructure. China is the world's largest steel producer and has enormous demand for iron ore. However, China's iron ore resources are characterized by low grade and high impurity content, requiring most iron ore to undergo beneficiation before use. Magnetic separation is the main beneficiation technology for iron ore in China, especially suitable for magnetite and vanadium-titanium magnetite. For non-magnetic or weakly magnetic ores such as hematite, limonite, and siderite, a combination of processes including roasting, gravity separation, high-intensity magnetic separation, and flotation is typically required to improve the yield and grade of iron concentrate.
Time period
2022
2026
Geography
China,Shanxi
Geography comment
Forming Shanxi's average data through the integration of data from multiple sources.
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The underground iron ore mining process in China includes procedures such as drilling, blasting, loading, transportation, hoisting, ventilation, and drainage.