This dataset represents pellets pressed from ferrosilicon and calcined dolomite after mixing and ball milling, mainly composed of MgO and CaO, with a uniform composition and stable proportions. They are mostly oval-shaped spheres of 40-50 mm, with a dense structure and moderate strength, not easily pulverized during transport and furnace charging, and have good gas permeability and mechanical stability. The key upstream starting raw materials of the product are calcined dolomite and ferrosilicon; the downstream is a key raw material entering the reduction process in the Pidgeon process for magnesium smelting. The dataset includes the main raw and auxiliary materials, energy and wastes of the production process, while infrastructure such as the manufacture of production equipment and plant construction is not included within the dataset boundary; the data inventory is formed by merging data from multiple sources.