Carbon steel wide and heavy plates are primarily composed of iron and carbon, with small amounts of other alloying elements possibly added depending on the required mechanical properties. These plates exhibit high strength, good toughness, and weldability, making them widely used in construction engineering, bridge building, shipbuilding, heavy machinery manufacturing, and large-scale infrastructure projects. Due to their thickness and dimensions, they are particularly suitable for structural components subjected to extreme pressure and heavy loads. The production process of wide and heavy plates includes billet preheating, roughing rolling, finishing rolling, cooling, and leveling, covering energy consumption, material consumption, waste treatment, and environmental emissions associated with the production process. The dataset is formed by merging data from multiple sources.