Cradle to Gate
Identity ID
23350937-9d7f-4e75-9f0d-b318c3a0126f
Materials
Associated ID
128473c0-8e54-49fc-a262-6a214d38da69
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
Hydrochloric acid is a fundamental chemical raw material extensively used in chemical, metallurgical, pharmaceutical, and related industries. This dataset models hydrochloric acid as a pure substance and includes primary raw and auxiliary materials, energy inputs, atmospheric emissions, and waste from the production process. Infrastructure such as equipment manufacturing and plant construction is excluded from the system boundary. The life cycle inventory is compiled from multiple data sources. The molar ratio of chlorine to hydrogen is 1:1.06, and low-pressure steam is a by-product of the process, with the final inventory derived using a physical ( wet mass) allocation method.
Activity Description
Dried chlorine and hydrogen gases are pressure-stabilized via buffer tanks and pressure-regulating valves. These regulated streams are then fed into the synthesis furnace at a predetermined ratio for combustion, producing hydrogen chloride gas. The flow rates of hydrogen and chlorine are automatically measured and adjusted by a ratio controller to maintain the specified mixture. The resulting hydrogen chloride gas is primarily absorbed in a falling-film absorber within the synthesis-absorption unit, with subsequent secondary absorption in an external combined tail-gas absorber, using demineralized water as the absorbent.
Process Description
Hydrochloric acid (chemical formula HCl, CAS: 7647-01-0) is available at various concentrations. It is a highly corrosive and irritating strong inorganic acid. It reacts with many metals, metal oxides, bases, and salts, and can neutralize bases but does not react with non-metals such as phosphorus or sulfur. As a vital inorganic chemical raw material, it is widely used in pharmaceuticals, dyes, and other industries, and also serves as an extractant and a metal surface cleaning agent.
Time period
2022
2026
Geography
China
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
The chemical reaction equation for the direct synthesis method is Cl2 + H2 -> 2HCl. To ensure complete reaction of chlorine during the process, hydrogen is typically in excess in actual production. Generally, the molar ratio of chlorine to hydrogen fed into the synthesis furnace is controlled at 1:(1.05~1.1). In this dataset, the Cl2:H2 ratio is taken as 1:1.06.