Q235B carbon steel medium and heavy plate is a widely used low-carbon steel material, primarily composed of iron, carbon, and small amounts of silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and other elements. Q235B carbon steel medium and heavy plates are extensively used in construction engineering, machinery manufacturing, container fabrication, shipbuilding, bridge construction, and other fields. The production process of medium and heavy plates includes billet preheating, rough rolling, finish rolling, cooling, and leveling, covering energy consumption, material consumption, waste management, and environmental emissions associated with the production process. This dataset is inferred from multiple data sources.