Cradle to Consumer
Identity ID
64ce8534-14f2-4e00-8925-e9e6778342d3
Materials
Associated ID
94a8609b-16b9-4707-a1da-eb99c79851ce
Included activities starts
Included activities ends
Description
This is a market dataset representing the consumption market in the region. It includes transportation of the product from the factory gate to consumption, with transport services calculated according to the regional transportation conditions for the product.
Activity Description
The production process of steel billets includes steps such as converter smelting, molten steel refining, and casting and shaping of molten steel, covering energy consumption, material consumption, waste treatment, and environmental emissions during the production process.
Process Description
A steel billet is a primary product obtained by casting molten steel from a steelmaking furnace, and its shape is typically a slab (for producing plates), bloom or billet (for producing sections and wire rods), or tube billet. It is an important semi-finished product in the iron and steel industry, possessing good plasticity and workability. Steel billets can serve as raw materials for downstream processes and are further processed by rolling, forging, drawing, and other methods into finished steel products of various specifications and shapes, such as steel plates, steel pipes, and steel bars. 430 stainless steel is a commonly used ferritic stainless steel, whose main components include iron, approximately 16%–18% chromium, and smaller amounts of manganese, silicon, carbon, and phosphorus. Stainless steel billet is the primary form in the stainless steel manufacturing process and is typically further processed into various stainless steel products.
Time period
2021
2026
Geography
China,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
Macroeconomic value
Business-as-Usual
Data validation
Yes
Technology
Current Technology
Technology comment
Steelmaking processes mainly include basic oxygen steelmaking and electric arc furnace steelmaking. Basic oxygen steelmaking is a common steelmaking technology that removes impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus from molten steel through high-temperature combustion and oxygen blowing. By controlling the amount of oxygen injected and the processing time, the oxygen atmosphere and reaction conditions inside the furnace are regulated to control the composition and quality of the alloy. Subsequently, the molten and refined steel is transferred via ladle to a turret. When the turret rotates to the casting position, the steel is poured into a tundish, which then distributes the molten steel through nozzles to individual molds. After cooling and solidification, shaped crude steel billets are formed. The steel billet production process combining a dephosphorization converter and an intermediate frequency furnace is an efficient steelmaking method. In the dephosphorization converter stage, excess phosphorus is primarily removed from molten iron by adding an appropriate amount of lime and blowing oxygen. In the intermediate frequency furnace stage, electromagnetic induction heating is used to mix alloying elements with the molten iron. The intermediate frequency furnace provides precise temperature control and a relatively uniform heating environment, facilitating uniform distribution of alloying elements in the molten steel. Various alloying elements such as carbon, silicon, manganese, nickel, and chromium can be added in this stage as needed to achieve the desired chemical composition and mechanical properties. In this unit process of electric furnace steelmaking, the scrap steel ratio is approximately 35%.