This dataset represents the average power generation situation of reservoir-dam-type hydropower stations in China. The data are obtained by weighted aggregation of the production datasets of multiple provinces (regions, municipalities) such as Hebei, Zhejiang, Anhui, Henan, Shanxi, Jilin and Fujian. A reservoir-dam-type hydropower station has one reservoir to provide a regulating and storage function. For the production dataset of a specific technology, the greenhouse gas (mainly CO2 and CH4) emissions over the reservoir life cycle are estimated based on the Tier 1 method of the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Guidelines (2019 Refinement), with emission factors adjusted according to the local climate zone and reservoir age. The hydropower station parameters are set according to design specification standards, i.e. the technical service life of small hydropower projects is 30 years, that of medium hydropower projects is 50 years, and that of large hydropower projects is 100 years. The data are mainly derived from official statistics.