Steam is a byproduct of the hot rolled coil production process. It is a key form of energy widely used in numerous industrial and commercial applications for purposes such as heating, electricity generation, and cleaning. Carbon steel hot rolled coils are extensively used in industries including construction, machinery manufacturing, automotive, and shipbuilding for the fabrication of various structural components and parts. Due to their cost-effectiveness and processing flexibility, they are among the most commonly used steel products. The production process of hot rolled coils includes preheating, rough rolling, intermediate rolling, and finishing rolling of steel billets, covering energy consumption, material usage, waste treatment, and environmental emissions throughout the production process. This dataset is compiled from data sourced from multiple origins.