Biodiesel is a clean fuel that can replace conventional petroleum diesel. The dataset includes primary raw materials, energy inputs, and atmospheric emissions from the production process; however, infrastructure such as production equipment and facility construction is not included within the system boundary. The life cycle inventory is derived from literature sources and has been optimized based on the best available data for 2022. The production process of biodiesel from vegetable oil involves several steps, including pretreatment, esterification, neutralization, separation and purification, and distillation.