Industrial by-product gypsum, also known as flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum, refers to gypsum generated from the reaction of calcium oxide with desulfurization and denitrification reagents during flue gas desulfurization and denitrification processes. Currently, industrial by-product gypsum mainly originates from flue gas desulfurization and denitrification processes, as well as waste materials from industries such as iron and steel, copper metallurgy, phosphorus chemicals, and fertilizers. The production activities for this product represent a weighted average of gypsum by-product generation from "Natural gas electricity, steel plant", "Sinter", and "Coal-fired power, Steel plant". The life cycle inventory is compiled from data derived from multiple sources.