Silica sol coating liquid can be used for surface treatment of materials. The dataset includes major raw and auxiliary materials, energy inputs, and waste generated during the production process; infrastructure such as equipment manufacturing and facility construction is not within the system boundary of the dataset. The life cycle inventory was compiled from data obtained from multiple sources. The production process of silica sol coating liquid includes steps such as raw material preparation, sol preparation, gel formation, curing, concentration and modification, and filtration.